Definition, Example, and How It Works [Video]

A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a group that functions independently of any government with the objective of improving social conditions. NGOs are typically non-profit institutions. They are sometimes called civil society organizations and are established on community, national, and international levels to serve a social or political goal such as a humanitarian cause or the protection of the environment.

For example, NGOs might focus on activities in areas involving health or health emergencies, education, infrastructure, advocacy of minority rights, support of the poor, and the reduction of crime.

The term NGO is generally accepted to refer to usually non-profit, private organizations that operate outside of government control. Some NGOs rely primarily on volunteers while others support a paid staff. The World Bank identifies two broad groups of NGOs:

Some NGOs may fall under both categories simultaneously. Examples of NGOs include those that support human rights, advocate for improved health, or encourage political participation.

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